Futur (Future)
Futur simple (Future Simple)
Used to express what someone will do or will be doing or something that will happen or will be happening
infinitive + the following endings:
| with je | with tu | with il/elle | with nous | with vous | with ils/elles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -ai | -as | -a | -ons | -ez | -ont |
Note: verbs ending with -re will drop the e of the infinitive
Example:
| Aimer(to like) | Finir(to finish) | Vendre(to sell) |
|---|---|---|
| j'aimerai | je finirai | je vendrai |
| tu aimeras | tu finiras | tu vendras |
| il/elle aimera | il/elle finira | il/elle vendra |
| nous aimerons | nous finirons | nous vendrons |
| vous aimerez | vous finirez | vous vendrez |
| ils/elles aimeront | ils/elles finiront | ils/elles vendront |
-je ferai la vaisselle demain(I will do the dishes tomorrow)
-j'arriverai tard(I will be arriving late)
The future will be used in time clauses introduces by quand(when) or other conjuctions of time where the future is implied
quand(when)
tant que(as long as)
dés/ aussitôt que(as soon as)
lorsque(when)
pendant que(while)
-il vindra quand il le pourra(he will come when he can)
-je te téléphonerai quand je serai prêt(I will call/phone you when I am ready)
-on ira dés qu'il fera beau(we will go as soon as the weather is fine)
-j'aurai beintôt fini(I will finish soon)
Futur antérieur (Future anterior)
It expresses an action that has not yet taken place, but which will take place before another action(an action that will be completed in the future before another action itself in the future.), expressed by a verb in the simple future or to express an action that will be completed at that time. it is the past of the future
auxiliary (avoir or être) conjugated in the future simple + a past participle.
| Verb | je | tu | il/elle/on | nous | vous | ils/elles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| avoir | aurai | auras | aura | aurons | aurez | auront |
| être | serai | seras | sera | serons | serez | seront |
use with avoir and être
| avoir | être | |
|---|---|---|
| je/j' | aurai fini | serai venu |
| tu | auras fini | seras venu |
| il/elle/on | aura fini | Il sera venu elle sera venue |
| nous | aurons fini | serons venus |
| vous | aurez fini | serez venus |
| ils/elles | auront fini | Ils seront venus elle seront venues |
Note: With the auxiliary être, the agreement is made with the subject from which the "s" and "e" came because the subject is plural and feminine respectively
-Le train sera déjà parti quand tu arriveras(The train will already have left when you arrive)
-Dans deux ans, les travaux seront terminés(In two years, the work will be completed)
Futur proche (Future recent)
Used to express the immediate future(about to do something, going to happen)
aller + infinitive
| Verb | je | tu | il/elle/on | nous | vous | ils/elles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aller | vais | vas | va | allons | allez | vont |
-Tu vas partir(You are going to leave)
-je vais vous expliquer ce qui s'est passé(I going to explain(to you) what happened)
-il va déménager la semaine prochaine(he is going to move next week/he will be moving next week)
Irregular stem/radical changes in future tense
| Verb | Stem change | Similar Verb |
|---|---|---|
| appeler(to call) | appeller- | épeler(to spell), rappeler(to recall), renouveler(to renew) |
| appuyer(to lean on) | appuier- | ennuyer(to annoy), essuyer(to wipe) |
| employer(to employ) | emploier- | nettoyer(to clean), noyer(to drown) |
| essayer*(to try) | essaier- | balayer(to sweep), effrayer(to scare), payer(to pay) |
| gérer(to manage/handle)* | gèrer– | célébrer(to celebrate), espérer(to hope), préférer(to prefer) |
| jeter(to throw) | jetter- | feuilleter(to browse), projeter(to project), rejeter(to dismiss) |
| lever(to raise up) | lèver- | acheter(to buy), achever(to finish/complete), mener(to lead), peser(to weigh), geler(to freeze) |
*The future stem change is optional for these two types of stem-changing verbs.
| Verb | Future |
|---|---|
| être(to be) | je serai, tu seras... |
| avoir(to have) | j'aurai, tu auras... |
| -evoir: devoir(to have to), recevoir(to receive), décevoir(to disappoint)... | je devrai etc; je recevrai etc, je décevrai... |
| venir(to come), tenir(to hold) and compounds | je viendrai etc; je tiendrai... |
| voir(to see) and compounds | je verrai... |
| aller(to go) | j'irai... |
| faire(to do) (and compounds) | je ferai... |
| pouvoir(to can, to be able to) | je pourrai... |
| savoir(to know) | je saurai... |
| vouloir(to want to) | je voudrai... |
| falloir(to need to), valoir(to be worth)(Impersonal verbs) | il faudra; il vaudra... |
| pleuvoir(to rain)(Impersonal verbs) | il pleuvra... |
| mouvoir(to move) and compounds | je mouvrai... |
| mourir(to die) | je mourrai... |
| (s')asseoir(to sit) | je m'assiérai... or je m'assoirai... |
| cueillir(to gather), accueillir(to welcome/accomodate) | j'accueillerai... |
| quérir(to fetch/seek) and derived verbs: acquérir(to acquire), conquérir(to conquer) | j'acquérrai... |